JINGHPOH
AMYUU A RINGJAN GINRAWNG
(Survival
Issue Of hte Kachins)
*Wundung shingra nsen hte ka ai Jinghpaw laika.
Maten prat hta anhte amyuu sha ni a ahkyak dik ginrawng
(Issue) gaw Jinghpoh amyuu ni matut ringjan grin nga lu hkra, laili laika
hte shagar ai ga n mad na lit rai nga ai. Jinghpoh ga n chyer ai Jinghpoh
85% rai mat sai. Jinghpoh laika mung suung n mai, madang n dep ai majaw,
kadai n kam lang ai.
Daw
– I
MASUMS BRANG KARAAN HKRUEM SAI
A.D
1886 Inglik ni myen mung hpe tsep kawp mazing lae kau ai hpang, lamungaa
jarit garan masat ai shaloi, Miwa mung, Kala mung hte Myen mung mungdan
masums na amyuu kaji tai wa saga ai. Moi prat ju majat koc nna kadai hpe
muk n hkrit n kang tinang kam ai hku nga pra ai JHP. ni shakum kums nna
roong dae ai hkruem sai.
Daw
– II
LAIKA LU LA SAI
A.D 1895 ning hta Amerikan sasana ni JHP. laika galo yar nna laili laika lu ai amyuu tai wa saga ai. Asuya jawng ni hta JHP. laika sharin na ahkaw ahkang lu ai. JHP. bugaa de maigan ni loc wa n nga shi ai aten re majaw, amyuu ga hte laika hpe ram ging jai lang shajang ai gaw 1948 ning du hkra re.
Daw
– III
MYUU SHAGROOT KATSI MAJAN DU SAI
1948 ning koc nna Jaw (21) shang ten du hkra, JHP. bugaa de maigan amyuu ni yan gapud bang sai. JHP. gaw 28% sha rai sai. Asuya jawng ni hta JHP. laika n may sharin sai. Amyuu ginru htoon ai malanyed gawng kaba shakri da sai. Dai hta JHP. masha myit su ni, sara ni kadong bang ma sai. ( Laika lu ai Jaw Poil gaw galo- pyeng gaw n chyer ma ai.)
Daw-
IV
GA HTE LAIKA
JHP. amyuu ringjan nga lu na matu, madang dep ai, 100% pri brat hkra ka lu ai JHP. laika hte sumpong galawng hpe hpungjat gyins shalat nna mungdan (3) a ( Cmmon Language ) wunlan galawng hkyak hkyak ra nga sai. Ndai gingrawng hpe lawan hparan ra sai loo.
JHP. LAILI LAIKA HTE TACTUT MANGHKANG
Laika
ngu ai gaw shagar nseen hpe kumla ni hte jahtuk hkrih da nna wuhpawng
hku jai lang ai lam re.
Gyin shalat nna masat da ai jahtuk ai ladat hpe shawa dawtsa hpe bai sharin
jahpat ya ra ai. Shadah dah mahkyit mahkai na matu hte tinang nan ra ai
hpe matsing sumhting na matu akyue jashoon ai.
Laitum hpan amyuu loc loc nga
wa ai gaw, ga amyuu n bueng jang kar ladat n bueng ai majaw loc wa ai
re. JHP. nseen hte myen nseen n bueng ai majaw, JHP. laika hte myen ga
hpe 90% pri brat hkra n lue kar ai. Dai rai nna mungkan e laika hpan (1800)
jan nga nga sai.
Amyuu ga langaih a tinggyeng sat lawat
hpe shatec nna gyin shalat masat jai lang yang sha sheh pri brat, loi,
tsawm htap, manu hkyaamsa ai laili laika kaja tai wa lu ai rai.
Daw
– 1
1895 NING NA JHP. LAIKA
Amirekan
hkalup sasana sara kaba Dr. O.H , 1895 ning gyin shalat ya sai JHP. masha
majiing n ree ai majaw, janmao kaba gup ai wa raitim hkren n chye ai majaw,
nseen hpan (3) hte kar na hku gawat da ya sai.
Kabu gara shiga hti na hte mahkorn
mangoi mahkoon na hpe madung dat nna pri lam hpe shingduh tawn kau sai.
Ningra ai lam ni;-
1. Hpungtang machyoi hpaji lam n may kar ai.
2. Taraa upadi ni hpe jaw hkra n may kar ai.
3. Ninghkong jaiwa laika ga hpe n may kar ai.
4. Labau lasaang hpe tup hkrak n may kar ai.
( Lachyum htai shut n pri n brat ai ni nga)
Daw
– 2
GRAM SHALAT JAT AI LAIKA NI
Dai ni JHP.
laika kar hkrang hpan (6) nga ai hpe sawk tam lu sai,
1. Dr. O.H a JHP. laika (1895)
2. Miwa mung na JHP. laika (1949)
3. Wunpawng Asuya a JHP. laika (1962)
4. Dr. Maran La Raw a Wunpawng laika (1998)
5. Lungjung Tu Raw a Raw- stanley laika (2001)
6. L.L Kom a wundung nseen dit laika (2003)
Dai
koc na 1,2,3 laika hpan ni gaw nseen gyin shalat garaan ginhkah ai lam
n ree ai sha kar ladat hte laitum jai lang ai Ihoi li sha shail ai. Pri
brat shadang 4% a npuc deh re.
Bai nna 4 hte 5 gaw nseen hpan (5)
hte kumla (symbol) hte nseen dit, laitum (Alphabet) hpe mung langs ma
ai. Dr. O.H a singnan (Original) hte wah shakap shail kumla shuk shak
ai a jaw wuntung wunba ni bo sins mat ma sai. Special jak ni, special
font ni hte kar ra ai. Nseen dit ai tsa lanung 70% jaan ai hkrai re, Maisau
Pa mung Dr. O.H laika hta 4% - 6% noc jaan mae na. Shaning (100) jaan
langs nga ai laika shingyoo hte shail ai sha n-ga tac hte kar na yak ai.
No.6 wudung nseen dit laika gaw nseen hkrawng (7) hpe laitum hte sha dit
ai (Alphabets) nseen dit tsa lanung loc dik 33% sha re. Mausau pa jaan
wa ai 6% re.
No.6
Wundung nsen dit JHP. laika By L.L Kom.
Shoong ningpawt e Karai Kasang
gaw sumsings lamu hte ginding agaa hpe hpaan tawn dae wu ai. Gingding
agaa chyoom gaw akrind ayangs re ai hte asaan awaan rai nga ai rai nna
Karai Kasang a Wenyir gaw hkah hpung ni a ntsar e hpum nga ai.
Ga hkun yawng – 65
Nseen dit ai laitum jan lang ai –14
Nseen dit ai lanung - ( 21.5%)
AMYU BOHSANG LANGAIH A MAKA KAUMLA NI.
( Criterias of Ethnicity / Nationnality)
Masha
myuu bohsang langaih ngu masat ai hta lawuc de na lam yan ni hte dingdoo
ma ai.
1. Roi sai lakung lama. (Biological parent)
Kaji kawoi kanu kaw shangai chyinghkai hkrat wa ai hku amyuu masat ai
lam re. Kanu kawa JHP rai jang JHP. masha ngu ai. ( Taraa shang jahtawng
hku lae ai ni lawm ai.)
2.
Shagar ai Galawng ( Mother Tongue)
Shangai chyinghkail dat ai kanu kawa ni a ga hpe tsun shagar ai, tinang
chyinghkail ga ( Mother Tongue) JHP. kanu kawa rai yang gara mungdan,
gara jut e mi nga pra raitim, JHP. ga shagar ai hpe chyinghkail ga chye
ai ngu masat ai.
3.
Htunghking Ningli ( Customs)
Masha amyuu shagu tinang a laksan htunghking lu shajang ai re. Tinang
a htunghking hpe n chye, n hkaan ai gaw amyuu hpe a tsoc ai ree, kaba
wa yang chye chyalue htunghking n hkap lae ai gaw gumlau ngu mai sai.
Maigan ni a grup-yin koc nga pra ai wa gaw ( ka-pya) wuhprec byin mat
ai rai nna amyuu jahpan hta n mai bang sai. Ndai htunghking ninglir gaw
ahkyak dik re. Maigan wa pyi htunghking tup hkan galo yang JHP. amyuu
jahpan mai bang nga ai.
4.
Dai Lup Majoi Bugaa ( Native Land)
Kaji kawoy bugaa hpe tsoc rah ra ai, maigan de pru sa nga mat jang chyasamb
sha tai mat ai. Dai majaw ji woi bugaa hta shanu manoi na mung ahkyak
nga ai.
5.
Gumnoil Luhshaa ( Staple Food)
Tinang a kaji kawoi, tinang bugaa pru ai maluh mashaa hpe amyuu bohsang
hkaan nna lak lak luh shae ai lai nga mali ai. Pongmuk shae nna JHP. ajet
byin mai ai. Raiti mung poi shingra hking ni hta shawa hte shail jang
gaw, dai wa hpe chyasamb zawn noon wa chye ai.
Rang hpan (5) hpe shatup lu hkra shakut ga.
GALO RA AI AHKYAK BUNGLI
1. Nang amyuu
hpe tsoe rah ai teng a ni?
2. Nang amyuu a ningshong ningla rai n ni?
3. Nang amyuu a ringhkang gan-gaa ai hpe rah nni?
JHP. amyuu masha tsar lanung 90% gaw,
gumloo mahtai, teng sha re, rai nga nngai, rah dik nngai, rah dik nngai-ngue
htaan na ma ai.
Dai anhte gaw hkohkaam lu ai n rail,
mungdan jarit hkrak masat dae ai n lue ai, mungdan (3) e nga brae to nga
ga ai. Mungkan ting e loc htams dik amyuu kaba (2) a lapran, gumshem dik
htingbu ni hte nyep rail nga ai majaw;-
1. JHP. ga
hpe shagreng jai langs na.
2. JHP. laika hpe madangs shatsaw na hte,
3. JHP. a kaja ai htung lai ni hpe shagrins masat jai langs na, anhte
a bungli re.
1. Aga mat jang amyuu mat na. Anhte chyer nga ga ai raitim, JHP. ga gyin shalat jat nna mungdan (3) a wunlan galawng (Common Language) galo na yac jang hkyak hkyak re. Poi galo na hpe ningbo ningla ni grai sharong tim, Dictionary galo na nchyer myit shaproc ai, wam dam to nga ma ai, Komiti hpoh nna galo ra sai.
2. Shaning 100% jaan mat sai, pri bat ai shadangs 40% a lawuc de rail nga ai JHP. laika hpe 100% pri brat hkra zail ladat shoh galo ra ai hpe, sara kaba ningbo ningla kaba ni amyuu mat tsi hku nna, jai langs n manue ai gawat byeng ai lam gaw, amyuu htum na lam sha re. JHP. ga, laika chyer ai ni joom bongban nna lawans galo ra ai. Wunpong laika ngue ai mung amyuu 2,3 a pyi brat hkra n may kar ai. Hpa majaw, gumhpraw shamac kau na kun? Grammar kata majoi kar shadaam nga n may sai, Chyer ai ni gyin shalat shingjong ai hte latac lae ra sai.
3. Anhte htunghking ni hpe sanran jai lang sa na yac ten nan rail sai. Dingsa ni hpe kabai ra ai hpe rap di. Ningnans gyins shaproc lae wa ra sai, JHP. hpe dip ai gaw JHP. htung jahtent jachyee ni rail nga ai, Maigan wa dip shae ai gaw loi sha re, Guil guil rib rib joom byengs hpungjat shagroong lae sa ga ai.
Hpoot nii
nga jang hpang hkrat sai.
(Myuu tsoc ai ni hpe ga soh dat ai)
L.L. Bu Gawt.
* Ndai laika gaw Jinghpaw laika Wundung shingra nsen hte ka ai Jinghpaw laika rai nga ai. Ndai laika hpe Jinghpaw Wunpawng laili laika hte htunghking hpung (Manmaw) kawn woi galaw ai laika ni rai nga ai, laika ni hpe Kachinnet web-site hta Jinghpaw Wunpawng Nu, Wa, Hpunau ni yawng jawm hkaja dinglik yu na matu JINGHPOH LAILI DINGGRAND (The Kachin Grammar) Buk No.1 hpe gaugwi web-site hta bang mat wa na re.